Quick Reference

HVAC Measurements

The common measurements used to describe capacity, airflow, pressure, temperature, refrigeration and electrical performance.

Btu/h

Heating or cooling capacity expressed as a rate of heat transfer per hour.

Tons

Cooling-capacity shorthand; one nominal ton equals 12,000 Btu/h.

CFM

Air volume in cubic feet per minute.

FPM

Air velocity in feet per minute.

Inches of Water Column

A pressure unit commonly used for duct static pressure and gas pressure.

PSI

Pounds per square inch, commonly used for refrigerant, water and gas pressure.

Microns

A deep-vacuum measurement used during refrigeration-system evacuation.

Temperature Rise

The increase in air temperature across heating equipment.

Temperature Split

The difference between return- and supply-air temperatures across HVAC equipment.

Superheat

How far refrigerant vapor temperature is above saturation temperature.

Subcooling

How far refrigerant liquid temperature is below saturation temperature.

Relative Humidity

Air moisture expressed relative to the maximum possible at that temperature.

Dew Point

The temperature at which moisture begins condensing from air.

Wet Bulb

A temperature influenced by evaporative cooling and moisture content.

Dry Bulb

Ordinary air temperature.

Amp Draw

Electrical current consumed by a load during operation.

Voltage

Electrical potential difference between two points.

Resistance

Opposition to electrical current, measured in ohms.

Watt

A unit of electrical power.

VA

Volt-amperes, a unit of apparent AC electrical power.

RPM

Rotational speed in revolutions per minute.

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